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1.
Lancet ; 401(10392): 1941-1950, 2023 06 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37105210

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Advanced-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are rare, usually refractory, and fatal diseases. Case series have suggested that allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) might improve the prognosis of advanced-stage CTCLs. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of allogeneic HSCT compared with non-HSCT therapy on the outcome of individuals with advanced-stage CTCLs. METHODS: In this prospective, multicentre, matched controlled trial, conducted at 30 hospitals, participants with advanced CTCLs were allocated treatment: if they had an available compatible related donor they were assigned to allogeneic HSCT, or if not they were allocated to non-allogeneic HSCT therapy. Key inclusion criteria were participants aged 18-70 years, with advanced stage mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome, and at least one poor prognostic criteria. Participants were excluded if they were not in complete or partial remission of the disease. Propensity score 1:1 matching with replacement (ie, that each participant treated with HSCT was matched to the participant with the closest propensity score treated with non-HSCT therapy, even if they had already been matched) was used to handle confounding factors, with the balance of covariate distribution between HSCT and non-HSCT groups assessed using standardised mean differences. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival in the matched intention-to-treat population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02520908), and is currently active but not recruiting. FINDINGS: From June 1, 2016, to March 3, 2022, total of 99 participants were enrolled at 17 centres in France. Participants with a sibling or matched unrelated donor were assigned to allogeneic HSCT (HSCT group, n=55 [56%]) and participants without a donor were assigned to non-allogeneic HSCT treatment (non-HSCT group, n=44 [44%]). The median follow-up among survivors was 12·6 months (IQR 11·0-35·2). In the HSCT group, 51 participants (93%) were 1:1 matched to participants from the non-HSCT group. In the intention-to-treat analysis, median progression-free survival was significantly longer in the HSCT group (9·0 months [95% CI 6·6-30·5]) than in the non-HSCT group (3·0 months [2·0-6·3]), with a hazard ratio of 0·38 (95% CI 0·21-0·69; p<0·0001). In the per-protocol population, 40 participants (78%) in the HSCT group had 101 serious events and 29 participants (67%) in the non-HSCT group had 70 serious adverse events. The most common serious adverse event other than graft-versus-host disease in both groups was infections, occurring in 30 participants (59%) in the HSCT group and in 19 participants (44%) in the non-HSCT group. INTERPRETATION: Allogeneic HSCT was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival in participants with advanced-stage CTCLs. These results indicate that allogeneic HSCT treatment should be made available to individuals with high-risk, advanced-stage mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome who achieve pre-transplant disease remission. FUNDING: French Ministry of Health, National Cancer Institute, Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique en Cancérologie.


Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T , Micose Fungoide , Síndrome de Sézary , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Pontuação de Propensão , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/terapia , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/etiologia , Transplante Homólogo , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia
2.
Am J Hematol ; 96(10): 1313-1328, 2021 10 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34297414

RESUMO

DISEASE OVERVIEW: Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogenous group of T-cell neoplasms involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis Fungoides (MF) or Sézary Syndrome (SS). DIAGNOSIS: The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data. RISK-ADAPTED THERAPY: TNMB (tumor, node, metastasis, blood) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a "risk-adapted," multi-disciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, expectant management or skin-directed therapies is preferred, as both disease-specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced-stage disease with significant nodal, visceral or blood involvement are generally approached with systemic therapies, including biologic-response modifiers, histone deacetylase inhibitors, or antibody-based strategies, in an escalating fashion. In highly-selected patients, allogeneic stem-cell transplantation may be considered, as this may be curative in some patients.


Assuntos
Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/diagnóstico , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Gerenciamento Clínico , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/diagnóstico , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/terapia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco
4.
Curr Treat Options Oncol ; 22(2): 10, 2021 01 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33415447

RESUMO

OPINION STATEMENT: While most patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) follow an indolent course, patients with advanced-stage MF/Sézary syndrome (SS) have a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 5 years. Although there are a number of treatments currently available, achieving and maintaining a durable response remain challenging, especially in advanced-stage MF/SS. The choice of frontline therapy is dependent on the stage of disease. For early-stage MF, the treatment concept is to control skin lesions mainly by skin-directed therapies, such as topical therapies, phototherapies, and radiotherapies. For advanced-stage MF/SS, systemic treatments by biological or targeted therapies including bexarotene and interferon either alone or in combination are tried first, with more immunosuppressive chemotherapies being reserved for refractory or rapidly progressive disease. Recent improvements in biological or targeted therapies include brentuximab vedotin and mogamulizumab. When biopsy samples have 10% or more CD30-positive malignant cells, brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 antibody conjugated to monomethyl auristin E, can be a desirable treatment option. For cases with blood involvement, mogamulizumab, an antibody binding to C-C chemokine receptor 4, is effective with high response rates. In the refractory setting, alemtuzumab, histone deacetylase inhibitors, pralatrexate, gemcitabine, and doxorubicin are considered as the treatment option. Because only allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can offer a chance of cure with durable complete remission, advanced-stage patients with a markedly short life expectancy should be evaluated for eligibility. Given that there are few randomized controlled studies in the literature, it is necessary to investigate which therapy is preferable for each patient with MF/SS by comparative prospective trials.


Assuntos
Micose Fungoide/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Terapia Combinada/efeitos adversos , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Micose Fungoide/diagnóstico , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/mortalidade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/mortalidade , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
J Immunother Cancer ; 7(1): 338, 2019 12 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31801591

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is not uncommon in association with indolent malignancies that were treated with prior radiotherapy and after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. On the other hand, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which is characterized by an indolent course, with relative refractoriness to conventional chemotherapies and radiotherapy, and occasionally referred for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Recently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has gained attention in the treatment of both cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and hematological malignancies. However, many patients with hematological malignancies eventually undergo allo-HCT, raising the concern of potential adverse events (graft versus host disease) due to manipulation of the immune system with use of checkpoint inhibitors. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a patient with relapsed refractory CTCL (Sézary Syndrome) who underwent allo-HCT with persistence of disease post-transplant. The patient additionally developed a progressively worsening lesion on the right shoulder which was biopsied and showed poorly differentiated carcinoma (cSCC). Pembrolizumab was started for the treatment of cSCC. After second cycle of treatment, the cSCC lesion responded dramatically to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also, the patient experienced significant resolution of pruritus and generalized erythema. During 24 months of follow up after initial treatment with checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy, the patient showed durable response of both cSCC and CTCL, as well as restoration of full donor chimerism, without obvious worsening of graft versus host disease (GVHD). CONCLUSION: This is the first case to our knowledge of rapid and durable response of both cSCC and CTCL to immune checkpoint inhibition after allo-HCT. Although this report highlights the potential for significant response to this class of medication, further studies are required to confirm the efficacy and safety of this approach in patients with CTCL after allo-HCT given the potential concern of GVHD.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/etiologia , Terapia Combinada , Doença Enxerto-Hospedeiro/etiologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons combinada à Tomografia Computadorizada , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Pele/patologia , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am ; 33(1): 103-120, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30497668

RESUMO

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous collection of non-Hodgkin lymphomas that arise from skin-tropic memory T lymphocytes. Among them, mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common malignancies. Diagnosis requires the combination of clinical, pathologic, and molecular features. Significant advances have been made in understanding the genetic and epigenetic aberrations in SS and to some extent in MF. Several prognostic factors have been identified. The goal of treatment is to minimize morbidity and limit disease progression. However, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, considered for patients with advanced stages, is the only therapy with curative intent.


Assuntos
Micose Fungoide/diagnóstico , Micose Fungoide/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Biópsia , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Gerenciamento Clínico , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Humanos , Incidência , Micose Fungoide/epidemiologia , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fenótipo , Prognóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Pele/patologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(2): 471-479, mar.-abr. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-902300

RESUMO

RESUMEN El síndrome de Sézary constituye la fase leucémica de la micosis fungoide caracterizado por eritrodermia, adenopatías superficiales y células atípicas en sangre. Predomina en los hombres con una proporción 2/1 respecto a las mujeres, y en las edades entre los 60 y 70 años de edad. La enfermedad es de difícil tratamiento, con un pronóstico reservado por su baja supervivencia. Por ser infrecuente y su posible similitud con otras dermatosis, se presenta un caso con antecedentes de psoriasis vulgar con 5 años de evolución, que hacía aproximadamente 6 meses, se encontraba sin mejoría en brote de agudización a pesar de los tratamientos indicados (AU).


ABSTRACT Sezary syndrome is the leukemic part of the fungoid mycosis, characterized by erythroderma, surface adenopathies and atypical cells in blood. It predominates in men with a 2/1 proportion in respect to women, and in ages ranging from 60 to 70 years. It is a difficult treated disease, with a reserved prognosis because of the low survival. Due to its infrequency and possible similarity to other dermatosis, it is presented a case with antecedents of vulgar psoriasis of 5 years evolution, without improvement for around 6 months, in acute outbreak in spite of the indicated treatments (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Psoríase/complicações , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Síndrome de Sézary/complicações , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/mortalidade , Síndrome de Sézary/patologia , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiologia , Exame Físico , Dermatopatias , Terapêutica , Atenção Secundária à Saúde , Biópsia/métodos , Micose Fungoide/complicações , Micose Fungoide/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina
8.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(2): 471-479, mar.-abr. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-77222

RESUMO

RESUMEN El síndrome de Sézary constituye la fase leucémica de la micosis fungoide caracterizado por eritrodermia, adenopatías superficiales y células atípicas en sangre. Predomina en los hombres con una proporción 2/1 respecto a las mujeres, y en las edades entre los 60 y 70 años de edad. La enfermedad es de difícil tratamiento, con un pronóstico reservado por su baja supervivencia. Por ser infrecuente y su posible similitud con otras dermatosis, se presenta un caso con antecedentes de psoriasis vulgar con 5 años de evolución, que hacía aproximadamente 6 meses, se encontraba sin mejoría en brote de agudización a pesar de los tratamientos indicados (AU).


ABSTRACT Sezary syndrome is the leukemic part of the fungoid mycosis, characterized by erythroderma, surface adenopathies and atypical cells in blood. It predominates in men with a 2/1 proportion in respect to women, and in ages ranging from 60 to 70 years. It is a difficult treated disease, with a reserved prognosis because of the low survival. Due to its infrequency and possible similarity to other dermatosis, it is presented a case with antecedents of vulgar psoriasis of 5 years evolution, without improvement for around 6 months, in acute outbreak in spite of the indicated treatments (AU).


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Psoríase/complicações , Psoríase/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Síndrome de Sézary/complicações , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/mortalidade , Síndrome de Sézary/patologia , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiologia , Exame Físico , Dermatopatias , Terapêutica , Atenção Secundária à Saúde , Biópsia/métodos , Micose Fungoide/complicações , Micose Fungoide/epidemiologia , Serviço Hospitalar de Oncologia , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina
9.
Curr Hematol Malig Rep ; 12(3): 234-243, 2017 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28540671

RESUMO

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diagnosis and management of mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome (MF/SS) require accurate clinicopathological correlation and a multidisciplinary approach. We reviewed major advances in the field regarding diagnostic and prognostic tools as well as skin-directed therapies (SDTs) and systemic agents for MF/SS published in the past 2 years. RECENT FINDINGS: Improved technology (T-cell receptor high-throughput sequencing) and increased multicenter collaboration (Cutaneous Lymphoma International Consortium) have led to diagnostic/prognostic advances. Concurrently, numerous genomic studies have enhanced understanding of disease pathogenesis. Advances in SDTs include topical resiquimod, a novel potent Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist; consensus CTCL phototherapy guidelines; and use of low-dose radiation therapy. Novel systemic therapies for advanced disease of note include targeted antibody drug conjugates (brentuximab vedotin), immune checkpoint inhibitors, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Our "toolbox" to diagnose and treat the spectrum of MF/SS continues to expand. Further characterization of genomic data going forward will enable a rational approach to selecting and combining therapies to improve patient care.


Assuntos
Micose Fungoide/diagnóstico , Micose Fungoide/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Terapia Combinada , Gerenciamento Clínico , Genômica/métodos , Humanos , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Prognóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Br J Dermatol ; 177(3): 791-800, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28256712

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: MicroRNA (miR)-155 contributes to the proliferation of mycosis fungoides (MF) in vitro and is upregulated in tumours of MF compared with early MF lesions. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the contribution of miR-155 to the cancerous phenotype and drug resistance of MF/Sézary cell lines. METHODS: miR-155 was inhibited in MF cell lines (MyLa and MJ) by transduction of miRZip anti-miR-155, and overexpressed in Hut78 cells by transduction of miRVec-miR-155; empty plasmids served as controls. Cells were analysed for response to inducers of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Transduced MyLa cells were subcutaneously injected into severe combined immunodeficient mice, and tumours were analysed immunohistochemically and for final size. RESULT: MyLa and MJ cells expressed a high level of miR-155; Hut78 cells expressed a low level. MF cell lines stably expressing miR-155 inhibitor showed increased G2/M arrest in response to N-p-tolyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl quinazolin-4-amine) (SL111), an inducer of cell-cycle arrest, followed by increased apoptosis. Additionally, they showed increased apoptosis in response to suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). Tumours formed in mice from injected anti-miR-155-expressing MyLa cells had a significantly lower volume and higher occurrence of apoptosis than controls. Stable overexpression of miR-155 in Hut78 cells had no effect. CONCLUSIONS: Oncogenic miR-155 appears to contribute to the cancerous phenotype of MyLa and MJ cells, but not of Hut78 cells, by interrupting activation of the G2/M checkpoint in response to SL111, and decreasing apoptosis in response to SL111 and SAHA, thereby facilitating tumour growth. These findings have implications for the potential development of novel therapeutic modalities for MF incorporating miR-155 inhibitors.


Assuntos
MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Feminino , Genes cdc/efeitos dos fármacos , Células HEK293 , Xenoenxertos , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/farmacologia , Humanos , Ácidos Hidroxâmicos/farmacologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Lentivirus , Camundongos SCID , MicroRNAs/antagonistas & inibidores , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Fenótipo , Quinazolinas/farmacologia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Transdução Genética , Transplante Heterólogo , Vorinostat
11.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 308(9): 661-664, 2016 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27613059

RESUMO

Colonization with staphylococcus aureus (SA) is associated with disease activity and progression in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) secondary to T-cell activation by bacterial superantigens. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the possible role of SA as an etiologic factor affecting CTCL initiation. We conducted a nested case-control study in a large population-representative database from the UK. Cases were defined as all patients with an incident diagnosis of mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sezary syndrome (SS) between 1995 and 2013. For every case, four eligible controls matched on age, sex, practice-site, and duration of follow-up were selected. Exposure of interest was clinical diagnosis of impetigo prior to CTCL diagnosis. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds-ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence-interval (CI) for CTCL risk. The results were further stratified according to age, sex and time interval between impetigo and CTCL diagnosis. The study population included 310 cases with MF or SS and 1223 matched controls. Among cases with CTCL 4.8 % (n = 15) had impetigo prior to cancer diagnosis compared to 2 % (n = 24) of controls. The adjusted OR for CTCL diagnosis among patients with prior impetigo was 2.33 (95 % CI 1.12-4.83). The risk was elevated among individuals with impetigo 1-5 years before cancer diagnosis (OR 3.33, 95 % CI 1.00-11.10). There was no change in risk among patients with impetigo more than 5 years before cancer diagnosis (OR 1.09, 95 % CI 0.35-3.37). Our results suggest a possible association between SA colonization and CTCL initiation that might serve as an important etiological factor for the disease.


Assuntos
Impetigo/complicações , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Impetigo/microbiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de Tempo , Reino Unido
12.
Am J Clin Dermatol ; 17(3): 225-37, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26923912

RESUMO

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of extranodal lymphomas involving the skin. Diagnosis of the two main subtypes of CTCL-mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS)-is based on the International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (ISCL/EORTC) classification system, which utilizes clinical, histopathological, molecular biologic, and immunopathologic features. Risk stratification, based on TNMB (tumor, node, metastasis, and blood) staging, provides prognostic information, with limited-stage disease conferring the longest median overall survival. Skin-directed therapies are preferred in the management of limited-stage disease, whereas advanced-stage disease requires systemic therapies. As the mechanisms of CTCL pathogenesis are increasingly understood, new monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, and small molecules are under investigation and may provide additional therapeutic options for those with advanced CTCL. This review examines the current landscape of targeted therapies in the treatment of CTCLs.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Terapia de Alvo Molecular/métodos , Micose Fungoide/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome de Sézary/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Proliferação de Células , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Terapia Combinada , Epigênese Genética , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/administração & dosagem , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/efeitos adversos , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Fatores Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Fatores Imunológicos/efeitos adversos , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/patologia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fototerapia/métodos , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/genética , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/patologia , Transdução de Sinais , Pele/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Linfócitos T/fisiologia , Microambiente Tumoral
14.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr ; 2014(48): 98-105, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25174030

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome (MF/SS) are rare cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Their etiology is poorly understood. METHODS: A pooled analysis of 324 MF/SS cases and 17217 controls from 14 case-control studies from Europe, North America, and Australia, as part of the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium (InterLymph) Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) Subtypes Project, was carried out to investigate associations with lifestyle, medical history, family history, and occupational risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: We found an increased risk of MF/SS associated with body mass index equal to or larger than 30 kg/m(2) (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.40), cigarette smoking for 40 years or more (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.04 to 2.31), eczema (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.73 to 3.29), family history of multiple myeloma (OR = 8.49, 95% CI = 3.31 to 21.80), and occupation as crop and vegetable farmers (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.14 to 4.92), painters (OR = 3.71, 95% CI = 1.94 to 7.07), woodworkers (OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.18 to 4.08), and general carpenters (OR = 4.07, 95% CI = 1.54 to 10.75). We also found a reduced risk of MF/SS associated with moderate leisure time physical activity (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Our study provided the first detailed analysis of risk factors for MF/SS and further investigation is needed to confirm these findings in prospective data and in other populations.


Assuntos
Estilo de Vida , Micose Fungoide/epidemiologia , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Austrália/epidemiologia , Austrália/etnologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Comorbidade , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Europa (Continente)/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Micose Fungoide/diagnóstico , América do Norte/epidemiologia , América do Norte/etnologia , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Risco , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Adulto Jovem
15.
Cancer ; 119(4): 825-31, 2013 Feb 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22952039

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mycosis fungoides (MF) and leukemic Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL), but their etiology remains unknown. After patients were observed with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)-associated CTCL, HCTZ was examined as a putative chronic antigen in a cohort of prospectively staged patients. METHODS: Demographic and drug exposure data was examined from 1443 confirmed MF and SS patients. Hypertensive CTCL patients were divided into HCTZ users or nonusers for statistical analysis by chi-square and t tests. Causality in a case series was rated by the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. RESULTS: A total of 815 of 1443 MF and SS patients (56.5%) were hypertensive; 205 (25.2%) were taking HCTZ at initial staging. Comparing stage of patients who were using or not using HCTZ, the most significant difference was between stage I and stage IV (odds ratio of 0.45; 95% confidence interval of 0.25-0.78, P = .003), demonstrating reduced likelihood of being stage IV in patients who were on HCTZ. Seventy-seven percent of the MF patients on HCTZ were stage I. A total of 125 patients of 196 (63.8%) started HCTZ prior to developing CTCL lesions, and 35 of 121 (28.0%) started within 1 year of first skin rash. Thirty-six of 125 patients (28.8%) experienced complete or partial remissions after discontinuing HCTZ. A monoclonal T cell receptor rearrangement was detected more frequently in the hypertensive stage I patients not taking HCTZ as compared with those who were (55.3% vs 69.1%, P = .032). Three patients were rechallenged and developed MF lesions that resolved or improved with discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS: HCTZ is commonly prescribed and may be a putative antigen in a small subset of early MF patients. Careful drug histories and a trial off medication are warranted.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/efeitos adversos , Hidroclorotiazida/efeitos adversos , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Idoso , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Hidroclorotiazida/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Micose Fungoide/imunologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Síndrome de Sézary/imunologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia
16.
Exp Dermatol ; 21(4): 287-92, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22417305

RESUMO

Failure to execute an apoptotic programme is one of the critical steps and a common mechanism promoting tumorogenesis. Immediate early responsive gene 3 (IER3) has been shown to be upregulated in several cancers. IER3 is a stress-induced gene, which upregulation leads to reduction in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) protecting malignant cells from apoptosis. We observed that malignant lymphocytes from patients with Sézary syndrome (SzS) were resistant to pro-apoptotic dose of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IER3 in the mechanism of such resistance. CD4+ CD26- lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of patients with SzS and healthy controls were negatively selected using CD4 and CD26 magnetic beads and analysed for expression of TNFR1, TNFR2, IER3 expression, and ROS production in response to TNF-α at an apoptotic dose. Sézary cells with a higher level of IER3 expression retained their viability to TNF-α. IER3 upregulation correlated with a decrease level of intracellular ROS and low TNFR1 expression on malignant cells. Targeting IER3 could be of interest for the development of future therapeutic strategies for patients with SzS.


Assuntos
Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Receptores Tipo I de Fatores de Necrose Tumoral/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/patologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/farmacologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Receptores Tipo II do Fator de Necrose Tumoral/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Transdução de Sinais , Regulação para Cima
17.
J Cutan Med Surg ; 16(1): 68-71, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22418000

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is a rare subtype of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease, with only 29 cases reported in the literature to date, the majority of which are post-renal transplantation. Only a few were reported after pancreas, heart, and bone marrow transplantation. There have been no reports of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma following liver transplantation to date. OBJECTIVE: We report a case of a 76-year-old male who developed generalized eczematous eruption 13 years after a liver transplantation. Investigations showed that it was Epstein-Barr virus-negative, CD3-positive, and CD4-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with Sézary cells in the blood. CONCLUSION: This shows that cutaneous T-cell lymphoma/Sézary syndrome can also develop after liver transplantation. To our knowledge, there are no similar reports in the English literature.


Assuntos
Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Idoso , Eczema/etiologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Cirrose Hepática/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado/imunologia , Masculino , Síndrome de Sézary/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Sézary/imunologia , Síndrome de Sézary/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Fatores de Tempo
18.
J Invest Dermatol ; 132(2): 440-7, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21938013

RESUMO

Sézary syndrome (SS) is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with malignant CD4+ T cells (SS cells) in skin, lymph nodes, and blood. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in SS cells, whereas this activation is lost upon in vitro culturing, indicating that STAT3 activation observed in vivo is the result of activating factors in the micromilieu of the malignant cells. We investigated which factors are involved in STAT3 activation in SS, focusing on cytokines of the common γ-chain family because of their crucial role in T-cell activation. Furthermore, downstream effects of STAT3 signaling in SS cells were assayed. In SS cells, STAT3 was strongly activated by IL-21, and increased expression of IL-21 and its receptor chains was observed in peripheral blood SS cells. IL-21 and IL-21R protein expression was detectable on neoplastic cells in SS skin biopsies. Using short-term culturing experiments, we demonstrate that IL-21 itself and the α-chain of the IL-2 receptor are STAT3 target genes in SS cells, thereby rendering cells more sensitive to stimulation with the T-cell proliferation and activating cytokine IL-2. Combined, our data point toward a pivotal role for an autocrine positive feedback loop involving IL-21 and consequent persistent STAT3 activation in the pathogenesis of SS, thereby indicating IL-21 and IL-21R as new therapeutical targets.


Assuntos
Comunicação Autócrina , Interleucinas/fisiologia , Fator de Transcrição STAT3/metabolismo , Síndrome de Sézary/imunologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Interleucina-2/farmacologia , Interleucinas/análise , Interleucinas/genética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores de Interleucina-21/análise , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia
19.
Br J Haematol ; 155(2): 150-66, 2011 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21883142

RESUMO

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies derived from skin-homing T cells. The most common forms of CTCL are Mycosis Fungoides (MF) and Sezary Syndrome (SS). Accurate diagnosis remains a challenge due to the heterogeneity of presentation and the lack of highly characteristic immunophenotypical and genetic markers. Over the past decade molecular studies have improved our understanding of the biology of CTCL. The identification of gene expression differences between normal and malignant T-cells has led to promising new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that now need validation to be incorporated into clinical practice. These biomarkers may also provide insight into the mechanism of development of CTCL. Additionally, treatment options have expanded with the approval of new agents, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors. A better understanding of the cell biology, immunology and genetics underlying the development and progression of CTCL will allow the design of more rational treatment strategies for these malignancies. This review summarizes the clinical epidemiology, staging and natural history of MF and SS; discusses the immunopathogenesis of MF and the functional role of the malignant T-cells; and reviews the latest advances in MF and SS treatment.


Assuntos
Imunoterapia/métodos , Micose Fungoide/etiologia , Micose Fungoide/terapia , Síndrome de Sézary/etiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Antígenos de Neoplasias/análise , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Diferenciação Celular , Transformação Celular Neoplásica , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Citocinas/metabolismo , Progressão da Doença , Genes Neoplásicos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Inibidores de Histona Desacetilases/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Fatores Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Vigilância Imunológica , Camundongos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Micose Fungoide/epidemiologia , Micose Fungoide/genética , Micose Fungoide/imunologia , Síndrome de Sézary/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Sézary/genética , Síndrome de Sézary/imunologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/genética , Neoplasias Cutâneas/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/patologia
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